النشر العلمي

  • Screening of Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Pregnant and Aborted Women Attending Wad Medani Maternity Teaching Hospital and Um Algura Hospital Using Toxo-Latex Agglutination and (ECLIA)

Abstract
Background: Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by an obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii in
final and intermediate host. Toxoplasma gondii is commonly associated with congenital infections that are not
clinically apparent. The infection in the first trimester pregnancy may cause severe congenital anomalies or even
foetal loss. In congenitally infected children can cause devastating effects including eye blindness, neurological
impairment and mental retardation. The parasite distributed world-wide, in Sudan the prevalence was reported to be
34.1% and in Gezira state it was 41.7%.
Objectives: This study aimed to diagnose T. gondii infection inpregnant and aborted women by Toxo-Latex
agglutination test and Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for IgG and IgM antibodies.
Materials and Methods: Total 100 samples of venous blood collected from pregnant and aborted women, 37 and
63 samples were from participants in Wad Medani and Um Algura, respectively. These samples were diagnosed
using Toxo-Latex agglutination test for IgG antibodies, Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay for IgG antibodies
and Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for IgM antibodies.
Results: The results showed that a seropositivity of Toxoplasma IgG antibodies by Toxo-Latex agglutination test
was 69% and 52.6% by Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay.The Toxoplasma IgM seropositivity was (5.1%).
There was significant difference between two methods (P<0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity of Toxo-Latex
agglutination test was (94%) and (57.8%) respectively with positive predictive value (71.2%) and negative predictive
value (89.6%). The seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgG antibodies showed (67.6%) in Wad Medan and (69.8%) in
Um Algura by Toxo-Latex agglutination test while by Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay was 43.2% and 54%
in Wad Medani and Um Algura respectively. The seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgM antibodies was (7.9%) and this
present in Um Algura. The high prevalence noted among age group 26-35. There is relation between the positive
results with clinical symptoms; strong correlation with risk factors specially eating undercooked meat (71%),
consumption of raw meat (68.1%), and contact with cats (52.1%). There was negative correlation between the
seropositivity and parity number.
Conclusion: The Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay remain high specific and sensitive method for
diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis, but a high cost of both apparatus and test reagents may prevent applicability in rural
area, so the Toxo-Latex agglutination test may be useful in screening for disease due to simple applicability. The
study recommended that the screening of Toxoplasma gondii should be done to all pregnant women to prevent
disease progression, control cats, avoiding eating raw and undercooked meat and drinking filtrated water.

published in Archives of Parasitology

  • Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E amongst Pregnant Women in Asmara, Eritrea

Abstract:
Introduction: Hepatitis E is a liver disease caused by the Hepatitis E virus (HEV). Based on the WHO (2010), HEV is a member of the genus Hepevirus and so far, there are two species in this genus: (1) Mammalian HEV that causes human disease and infects several other mammalian species. (2) Avian HEV, which is responsible for big liver and spleen disease in chicken, and is known to infect other birds. HEV is noted to affect an estimated of one-third of the world population this makes the virus the most or second most common cause of acute viral hepatitis among adults in majority parts of Asia,the Middle East, and Africa. In the general population the case fatality rate (CFR) is between 1 and 2%, which can rise to over 40% in pregnant women.
Objective: This is the first study in Eritrea which is expected to illuminate some facts about the seroprevalence of HEV. The objective of the study is to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis E among the pregnant women attending ANC in the selected health facilities of Asmara city and to identify possible risk factors of the infection.
Methods: The research study has applied cross-sectional descriptive laboratory based study design. In total, 153 pregnant women following ANC has included from four health facilities. Recruiting participants voluntary sampling technique and structured questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic; and Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) method was applied to examine for IgG and IgM antibody. Epi-Info for data entry and SPSS version 20 for analysis was used.
Results: Out of the 153 pregnant women 41 (26.8%) were seropositive for HEV IgG antibody. However, only for 82 blood samples were analyzed for IgM antibodies and all were found to be seronegative for HEV.
Conclusion: The study showed that significant finding of HEV IgG among the pregnant women. Therefore, it is high time for further deeper and large studies to be made on this virus in Eritrea.

published in EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH

  • EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON PRODUCTION OF CHICKEN LAYER

published in مجلة جامعة سنار

  • التحديات المعاصرة لادماج القيم في مؤسسة الاسرة

published in مؤتمر ادماج القيم في المؤسسات التربوية

  • العوامل المؤثرة في الطلب علي النقود في السودان – دراسة تحليلية احصائية (1990-2016)

published in مجلة السودان الاكاديمية للبحوث والعلوم،السودان. المجلد(2) العدد(6)،(01-18).

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