النشر العلمي

  • Evaluation of the Efficiency of N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide for Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Cardiac diseases are one of the major causes of death worldwide with
increasing incidence rate per year, particularly in developing countries such as Sudan
owing to urbanization and changing lifestyle. Myocardial infarction is a consequence of
the imbalance between the heart blood supply and the required heart cell; this disorder
leads to necrosis of myocardium and may cause death. It could be diagnosed by at least
two of the following criteria: chest pain, electrocardiography (ECG) elevation, and levels
on cardiac biomarkers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of N-terminal pro-
B-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction
(AMI).
Methods: This analytical case–control hospital-based study was conducted on total
of 70 individuals, of which 40 participants were suspected of or diagnosed with
AMI,while30 healthy subjects were included as a control group. Three ml of venous
blood were collected in lithium heparin containers. Troponin I (TnI) as a cardiac
biomarker was measured by TOSOH AIA-360,while theNTproBNP level was detected
using I-Chroma II. Personal and clinical data were collected directly from each
participant usinga predesigned questionnaire.
Results: A significant increase in the TnI level (mean: 13.13 ± 18.9ng/ml) and NTproBNP
(mean: 5756.5 ± 8378.2pg/mL) in AMI patients were detected when compared with
control mean (0.02 ± 0.00ng/ml and 57.8 ± 42.32pg/mL, respectively).
Conclusions: NTproBNP gave a high sensitivity (87.5%), specificity (100%), positive
predictive value (100%), and negative predictive value (85.7%) in the diagnosis of AMI
when compared with another cardiac biomarker such as TnI.

published in Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences

  • Effect of Smoking on Uric Acid Level

Abstract: Objectives: The study aimed to estimate plasma uric acid levels in Sudanese smokers. Methodology: 100 blood samples
were collected into heparinized containers (3 ml) from smoker’s cigarettes (50) and nonsmoker (50) as control group. Plasma was
separated by centrifugation and plasma uric acid levels were estimated by enzymatic method using spectrophotometer. Data were
analyzed statistically by Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. Results: mean of plasma uric acid levels was 5.452 for non
smoker, 5.060 for smoker and p value < 0.044 for significant for smoker and non smoker. Conclusion: The study concluded that
the level of uric acid in plasma was lower in smokers compared to non-smokers.

published in International Journal of Academic Health and Medical Research

  • The Impact of Total PSA Value on Diagnosis of Prostate Diseases in Sudanese Patient

Abstract: Introduction: Measuring total serum PSA levels is currently the mainstay of prostate cancer detection and many studies
have shown that patients with prostate cancer have in general high levels of serum PSA. The commonly cut-off point used for PSA
is 4 ng/mL. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the total PSA in the diagnosis of prostate
cancer also to determine its significance in diagnosis of benign prostate hyperplasia. Material and methods: By reviewing the
medical records, clinical and laboratory information of 250 cases are collected from the archives of the El-Rahmma diagnostic
center Khartoum North Sudan. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was done by IBM SPSS advanced statistics version 22
(SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Analysis of the ROC (receiver operating curve) was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity.
Results: 41 % of adenocarcinomas are seen between 61 to 70 years old. Gleason score grade group 3 is the most commonly
diagnosed (28%), Gleason’s score grade group is not statistically dependent on age at diagnosis P value (0.786). Serum tPSA
with a cut-off of 4 ng/mL had 99% sensitivity and 7% specificity, statistically it is not significant for prostate cancer P.value
(0.367). Conclusion: Total PSA was relatively significant in detection of prostate cancer and should not be used alone as a
guideline without DRE. Prostatectomy should not be performed before histopathological diagnosis when the level of tPSA was
above 2 ng/ml.

published in International Journal of Academic Health and Medical Research

  • Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol and Aqueous Extracts of Moringa Oleifera Lam. against Some Human Pathogenic Bacteria (In Vitro Study)

Abstract: Medical plants are considered one of the most important sources of food and treatment worldwide and
especially in Sudan. Sudanese were using medical and aromatic plants - including Moringa - for the treatment of
many diseases. On the other hand, scientists and health care providers are facing the continuous problem of
bacterial antibiotic resistance, which has become a great challenge in eradication of infectious diseases. This study
was conducted in Wad Medani College of medical sciences and technology (MST) in the period from Augusts to
November 2014, to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera leaves extract against Gram positive and
Gram negative bacteria. The organisms under study include: staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogen,
Salmonella typhii, Escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeroginosa. Extraction of active substances from moringa
leaves was done by using two extraction methods, aqueous extract and ethanol extract. The antimicrobial
susceptibility tests were performed according to the standard procedures. The results of this study revealed that the
aqueous moringa extract mean zone of inhibition was 29 mm for staphylococcus aureus, 25 mm for streptococcus
pyogen, 30 mm for pseudomonas aeroginosa. 22 mm for Escherichia coli and 32 mm for Salmonella typhii, And the
Ethanolic moringa extract mean zone of inhibition was 31 mm, 30 mm, 29 mm, 25 mm and 31 mm for the previous
bacteria respectively. This study verifies that Moringa oleifera leaves extract has an (in vitro) antibacterial activity
against the organisms under studding. Clinical trials (in-vivo) are needed to test the activity of Moringa oleifera
against bacterial infections.

published in International Journal of Academic Health and Medical Research

  • Serum Cholesterol and Triglyceride Level in Combined Oral Contraceptive Sudanese Users

Abstract: Objectives: The study aimed to estimate serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels in women using combined oral
contraceptives pills (COC). Methodology: 70 women aging 15-45 years (50 as test group, women using combined oral
contraceptives pills (COC), and 20 women don’t use COC pills, as control group) were involved in this study. 3ml blood
samples from both groups were collected into plan containers. Serum was separated by centrifugation then cholesterol and
triglyceride levels were estimated by enzymatic colorimetric method. Data were analyzed statistically by SPSS program.
Results: The average or the mean of serum cholesterol levels in control group is 111mg/dl, in the test group is 145 mg/dl, pvalue
0.005. The average or mean of serum triglycerides levels in control group is 72 mg/dl, and in the test group is 101 mg/dl,
p-value of 0.000. The statistical analysis reflected that there was a significant deference between the two means of both
groups. Conclusion: The study concluded that the levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides are affected by the
administration of oral contraceptive pills in females of child bearing age, especially for a long period of time.

published in International Journal of Academic Health and Medical Research

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